Библиография

1. M. D. Grmek. Les aspects des problemes fondamentaux de la gerontologie. - Scalpel, 110, 158-164, 1957.

Эта монография основана на работе автора, напечатанной на хорватском языке в "Симпозии но геронтологии", выпущенном в свет Югославской Академией наук и искусств. Загреб, 1958. Вводная пасть построена на мыслях, изложенных в небольшой статье.

2. I. L. Nascher. Geriatrics - N. Y. Med. J., 90, 368-369, Aug. 21, 1909. Различные определения геронтологии и гериатрии приведены в частности в кн.: E. L. Touhy. The terms "Geriatrics" and "Gerontology". - Geriatrics, 5, 45, 1950; H. Destrem. Definition, interet et objet de la gerontologie et de la geriatrie. - Concours med., 76, 1335-8, 1954; W. Doberauer. Hinweise zur Entwicklung und Bedeutung der Geriatrie. - Klin. Med., 11, 429-446, 1956.

3. K. Miescher. Zur Frage der Alternsforschung. - Experientia, 11, 417-429, 1955.

4. Terentius Afer. Phormio, IV, 1, v. 574-5. Seneca. Ep. CVIII ad Lucilium, 28. Galen. De sanitatetuenda, vol. V, 4; vol. VI, 2.

5. R. Bacon. The cure of the old age and preservation of the youth. Transl. by R. Browne. London, 1683.

6. Hutter. Epistola: Senectus ipsa morbus. Halle, 1732.

7. I. L. Nascner. Geriatrics. The diseases of old age and their treatment. Philadelphia, 1914. Cf. the introductory chapter in: M. W. Thewlis. The care of the aged. London, 1954.

8. Старые и новые гипотезы причин старения имеются в следующих трудах: L. Luciani. Fisiologia dell'uomo, vol. V. Milano, 1921; G. S. Hall. Senescence, the last half of life. N. Y., 1922; "Труды конференции по проблеме генеза старости и профилактики преждевременного старения организма. Киев, АН УССР, стр. 492, 1939; E. Abderhalden. Wandlungen in der Auffassung des Wesens der Alternsvorgange. - Bull, schweiz. Akad. med. Wiss., 6, 102-14, 1950; F. Henschen. La nature reelle du vieillissement, Brux. Med., 33, 2061-8, 1953; D. Kotsovsky. Alte und neue Wege in der Erforschung des Alterns. - Sudhoffs Arch. Gesch. Med., 38, 58-70, 1954; M. Burger. Altern und Krankheit, 3d ed. Leipzig, 1957. - Исторические обзоры можно найти в нижеприводимых трудах в качестве введений к гипотезам, выдвигаемым авторами этих трудов.

9. Aristotle. Youth and old age, life and death, and respiration, Transl. by Ogle. N. Y., 1922. Cf. M. Neuburger. Geschichte der Medizin, Bd. I. Stuttgart, 1906; D'Arcy Thompson. On Aristotle as a biologist. London, 1913; J. J. Griffin. Aristotle's observations on gerontology. - Geriatrics, 5, 222-226, 1950.

10. L. Luciani. Fisiologia dell'uomo, vol. V. Milano, 1921.

11. Galen. De temperamentis, II, 2.

12. Galen. Adv. Lycum, 7.

13. A. du Laurens. Discours de la conservation de la vie, des maladies melancholiques, des catarrhes, et de la vieillesse. Paris, 1597.

14. A. Anselmi. Gerocomica, sive de senum regimine. Venice, 1606.

15. G. Zerbi. Gerontocomica, scilicet de senium cura atque victu, Roma 1489. Gf. L. Munster. II primo trattato pratico compiuto sui problemi della vecchiaia. - Riv. ital. gerontol. geriatr., 1, 1, 1951.

16. Ch. W. Hufland. Die Kunst das menschliche Leben zu verlangern. Berllin, 1796.

17. M. Rubner. Das Problem der Lebensdauer und seine Beziehungen zu Wachstuin und Ernahrung. Miinchen - Berlin, 1908.

18. O. Butschli. Gedanken iiber Leben und Tod. - Zool. Anz., 5, 1882.

19. J. Loeb. Ueber die Ursache des naturlichen Todes. - Pfliigers Arch., 124, 1908; Natural death and the duration of life. - Sci. Monthly, N. Y., 9, 578-585, 1919.

20. Cf. D. Kotsovsky. Alte und neue Wege in der Erforschung des Alterns. - Sudhoffs Arch. Gesch. Med., 38, 58-70, 1954.

21. E. Metchnikoff. Etudes biologiques sur la vieillesse. - Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 16, 1902; Etudes sur la nature humaine. Essai de philosophie optimiste. Paris, 1903; The prolongation of life. Optimistic studies. London, 1908; Страницы воспоминаний (автобиография). М., 1946.

Cf. H. Zeis s. Elias Metchnikoff, Leben und Werk. Jena, 1932.

Г. П. Сахаров. Борьба со старостью по Мечникову. М., 1938.

22. A. Carrel. Rejuvenation of cultures of tissues. J. A. M. A., 57, 1611; 1911; A. Carrel a. A. H. Ebeling. Antagonistic growth principles of serum and their relation to old age. - J. Exptl Med., 38, 419-425, 1923; A. Carrela. Ch. Lindbergh. The culture of organs. N. Y., 1938.

23. S. Santorio. De medicina statica. Venice, 1614. Cf. M. D. Grmek. Santorio Santorio. Zagreb, 1952.

24. S. Santorio. Op. cit., vol. I, 80.

25. S. Santorio. Op. cit., vol. I, 83.

26. F. Bacon. Historia vitae et mortis. London, 1623; History natural and experimental of life and death, or of the prolongation of life. London, 1650. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. J. Mt. Sinai IIosp., 12, 890, 1945-1946.

27. A. Carrel. Physiological time. Science, 74, 618-21, 1931; P. Lecomte du Noiiy. Le temps et la vie. Paris, 1936. Cf. H. Benjamin. Biologic versus chronologic age. - J. Gerontol., 2, 217-227, 1947.

28. C. S. Minot. On the nature and cause of old age. - Harvey Lectures, 1, 230-250, 1906; The problem of age, growth and death. A study on cytomorphosis. N. Y., 1908.

29. R. Rossle. Wachstum und Altern. Miinchen, 1923, Cf. D. Kotsovsky. Robert Rossle and die Alterforschung. - Munch, med. Wochenschr., 99, 1510-1511, 1957.

30. A. Weissmann. Ueber die Dauer des Lebens. Jena, 1882; Ueber Leben und Tod. Jena, 1884.

31. M. S. Mtihlmann. Ueber die Ursache des Alterns. Wissbaden, 1900; L'etat actuel de la question du vieillissement. - Scientia (Milano), 60, 327-338, 1936; Учение о росте, старости и смерти. Баку, 1926.

32. И. П. Павлов. Полн. собр. соч., изд. 2. М.- Л., 1951-1952. Samtliche Werke. Berlin, 1954-1955. Cf. F. M. Thomas. Pavlov's work on higher nervous activity and its development in the USSR. - Nature, 154, 385-388, 1944; Ж. А. Медведев. Роль нервной системы в процессе старения организма. Природа, 3, 101-104, 1953.

33. А. А. Богомолец. Продление жизни. Киев, 1938; The prolongation of life. Transl. by P. V. Karpovich and S. Blecker, N. Y., 1946. Cf. D. A. Halpern. Alexander A. Bogomolets. - Amer. Rev. Soviet. Med., 1, 173-175, 1943.

34. Ch. E. Brown-Sequard. Des effets produits chez l'homme par des injections souscutanees d'un liquide retire des testicules frais de cobayes et de chiens, - Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 41,415- 422, 1889.

35. A. Lorand. Quelques considerations sur les causes de la senilite. - Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 57,500-2,1904; Problem of rejuvenation. - Lancet, 1, 189-190, 1931; Das Altern, seine Ursache und Behandlung, Leipzig, 1932.

36. C. I. Parhon. Batrinetea si tratamentul ei. Bucarest, 1948; Biologia virstelor. Gercetari clinice si experimentale. Bucarest, 1955.

37. Cf. M. A. Goldzreher. Endocrine aspects of senescence. - Geriatrics, 1, 226-231, 1946.

38. G. Marine sco. Mecanisme chimico-colloidal de la senilite et le probleme de la mort naturelle. - Rev. sci. (Paris), 1,673- 679, 1914; Nouvelle contribution a l'etude du mecanisme de la vieillfsse. - Bull. Acad. med. (Paris), 111: 761-772, 1934.

39. A. Lumiere. Theorie colloidale de la biologie et de la pathologie. Paris, 1922; Senilite et rajeunissement. Paris, 1932.

40. V. Ruzicka. Beitrage zum Studium der Protoplasmahysteresis und der hysteretischen Vorgange, I. Die Protoplasmahysteresis als Entropieerscheinung. - Arch. mikr. Anat., 101, 459-482, 1924.

41. T. B. Robertson. The chemical basis of growth and senescence. Philadelphia, 1923; D. Reichinstein. Das Problem des Alterns und die Chemie der Lebensvorgange, 2nd ed. Zurich, 1940; A. de Gregorio Rocasolano, Physikalisch-chemische Hypothese iiber das Altern. Kolloidchem. Beih., 19, 441-476, 1924; N. R. Dhar. Old age and death from a chemical point of view. - J. phys. Chem., 30, 378-82, 1926; H. Lampert. Die kolloidchemische Seite des Alterns und ihre Bedeutung fur die Entstehung und Behandlung einiger Krankheiten. - Z. Alternsforsch., I, 96-114, 1938.

42. А. В. Нагорный. Проблемы старения и долголетия. Харьков, 1940; Старение и продление жизни. М., 1950. Теоретические выводы Нагорного подверг критике Ж. А. Медведев в статье: "Теория проф. А. В. Нагорного о старении организма)). Физиол. журнал, 38, № 4, 523-529, 1952.

43. A. O. Zupancic. Uvod u opstu patofiziologiju coveka (Introduction to the general pathophysiology of man). Beograd, 1952.

44. Kunze. Forschung und Fortschritte, 9, 25, 1933. Cf. M. Burger. Op. cit.

44a. A. Putter. Lebensdauer und Alternsfaktor. - Z. allg. Physiol., 19, 9-36, 1921. Cf. K. Miescher. Op. cit., and G. Schlomka. Ueber Ziele und Wege klinischer Alternsforschung. Festschrift M. Burger. Leipzig, 1955, 3-29.

45. A. Comfort. The biology of senescence. N. Y., 1956, 1964.

46. W. Kuhn. Optische Aktivitat und Begrenztheit der Lebensdauer. - Z. Altersforsch., 1. 325-41, 1939; Mogliche Beziehungen der optischen Aktivitat zum Problem des Alterns. - Experientia, II, 429-436, 1955.

47. Dante. Inferno, vol. I, 1; Il Convivio, vol. IV, 25.

48. Horatius, Ars poetica; Ovidius. Metamorphoses, vol. V.

49. Hippocrates. Coactae praenotiones, vol. III.

50. G. Spina. L'age, la constitution et le temperament en deux legons inedites de Jean-Baptiste Morgagni. - Bull, et Mem. Soc. int. Hist. Med., 3, 14-29, 1956.

51. M. VV. Thewlis. The care of the aged. London, 1954.

52. Sinuhe. Fragm. В 168-170. Cf. G. Lefebvre. Essai sur la medecine egyptienne de l'epoque pharaonique. Paris, 1956, 44.

53. Ecclesiastes, XII, 1-8. Cf. H. Holtz hammer, inflexions sur le sens biologique de chapitre douze de l'Ecclesiaste. - Rev. Hist. Med. Hebr., 10, 77-86 and 111-20, 1957.

54. Hippocrates. De diaeta, vol. I, 35.

55. Hippocrates. De morbo sacro, 9; De morbis, vol. I, 22.

56. Hippocrates. De natura muliebri; De morbis mulierum.

57. Galen. De sanitate tuenda, vol. V, 9, 19.

58. Galen. De temperamentis, vol. II, 2; Hippocratis de natura hominis commentaria, vol. III, 7.

59. Galen. Adv. Lycum, 9.

60. Galen. De temperamentis, vol. II, 2.

61. Galen. De simp, medicamentorum temperamentis et facultatibus, vol. II, 19.

62. Galen. De usu parium corporis humani, vol. X, 15.

63. Galen. De com. medicamentorum sec. locos, vol. V, 4.

64. Galen. De diffic. respirationis, vol. I, 7; De usu respirationis,

65. Galen. De pulsibus ad tirones, 9; De causis pulsum, vol. Ill, 5.

66. C. Canstall. Die Krankheiten des hoheren Alters. Erlangen, 1839, I, 83.

67. Arnaldus de Villanova. De conservanda juvenlute el retardanda senectutae, Lipsiae 1511; The conservation of youth and defence of age. Woodstock, 1912.

68. G. Zerbi. Gerentocomia, scilicet de senium cura atque victu. Roma, 1489.

69. G. Gardano. De propria vita, Ed. by A. Bellini. Milano, 1932. - Cf. S. R. Burstein. The historical background of gerontology. - Geriatrics, 10, 189-93, 1955.

70. A. du Laurens. Discours de la conservation de la vie etc. Paris, 1597.

71. J. Smith. King Solomon's pourtract of old age. London, 1665. Роллестон дал сводку современного научного толкования псалмов Экклезиаста. Его заметки опубликованы в кн.: Medical aspects of old age. London, 1932.

72. F. Bacon. Historia vitae et mortis. London, 1623. Cf. L. C. Strong, Observations on gerontology in the seventeenth century. - J. Gerontol., 7, 618-619, 1952.

73. S. Santorio. Commentaria in primam fen primi libris Canonis Avicenae. Venice, 1625. Cf. M. D. Grmek. Santorio Santorio. Zagreb, 1952.

74. B. Rush. An account of the states of the body and mind in old age. In: Medical Inquiries and Observations, vol. II. Philadelphia, 1805.

75. E. g. W. Shakespeare, As you like it, vol. II, 7. Cf. W. E. Vest. William Shakespeare Gerontologist. - Geriatrics, 9, 80-82, 1954.

76. J. B. Fischer. De senio ejusque gradibus et morbis necnon de ejusdem acquisitione tractatus. Erfurt, 1754. Cf. J. Steudel. Zur Geschichte der Lehre von der Greisenkraokheiten. - Sudhoffs Arch. Gesch. Med., 35, 1-27, 1942.

77. B. W. Seiler. Anatomiae corporis humani senilis specimen. Erlangen, 1799.

78. F. Bibes. Observations sur plusieurs alterations qu'eprouve de, tissu des animaux par le progres de l'age. - Bulk Soc. Fac. Paris, 6, 1820.

79. Cf. L. Aschoff. Zur normalen und pathologischen Anatomie des Greisenalters. Berlin - Wien, 1938.

80. J. Wagner-Jauregg. Ueber die menschliche Lebensdauer, Innsbruck, 1941. Опубликовано посмертно его сыном Теодором.

81. Genesis, V, 5, 8 and 27. Comments on the legendary age of biblical patriarchs in: W. Ebstein. Die Medizin im alten Testament. Stuttgart, 1901; F. D. Zebman. Life's later years. The ancient Hebrews. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp. II: 97-104, 1944; J. J. Griffin. Bible and old age. J. Gerontol., 1, 464-471, 1946 and 2, 71, 1947.

82. Psalm XC, 10.

82a. Cf. G. Schlomka. Uber Ziele und Wege klinischer Alternsforschung. Festschrift M. Burger. Leipzig, 1955, 3-29.

83. Cf. H. V. Vallois. La duree de la vie chez l'homme fossile. - C. r. Acad. sci. Paris, 204, 60-62, 1937; F. We i de nr e icli. The duration of life of fossil man in China and the pathological lesions found in his skeleton. - Chin. Med. J., 55; 34-44, 1939; F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp., 11, 46, 1944.

84. Cf. L. I. Dublin. Longevity in retrospect and in prospect. In:. Cowdry's Problems of ageing. 3d ed. Baltimore, 1952; W. R. Macdonnell. The expectation of life in ancient Rome. Biometr., 9, 366-80, 1914; A. R. Bur n. Hie breve vivitur, a study on the expectation of life in Roman Empire. - Past and Present, N 4, 2-31, 1953.

85. J. L. Angel. The length of life in ancient Greece. J. Gerontol., 2, 18-24, 1947; Increase of length of life in ancient Greese. - Amer. J. Pliys. Anthropol., 5, 231, 1947.

86. M. T. Boccassini. Confronto della durata mediae di vita tra le zone costiere ed interne dell Italia e della Gallia Narbonense, quali risultano dalle iscrizioni latine del I e del II secolo d. Cr., Tesi di Laurea. Bari, 1956.

87. На основе коллекций древних латинских надписей T. Mommsen. Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, vol. V. Berlin, 1875 (with the Supplement.) и новые находки истрийских надписей: Inscriptions Italiae, vol. X, regio X. Roma, 1934-1947.

88. Cf. W. F. Willcox. The length of life in the early Roman Empire. - Actes Congr. inteinat. population. Paris, 1937.

89. T. W. Todd. Skeletal records of mortality. Sci. Monthly, 24, 481-96, 1927.

90. Cf. L. I. Dublin. Op. cit.; II. E. Sigerist. Civilization and disease, Ithaca, N. Y., 1945.

91. B. Skerlj. Prispevek k srednjeveski demografiji (A contribution to the study of mediaeval demography). - Arheol. vestnik, 3, 250-6, 1952; M. D. Grmek. Iz hrvatske medicinske proslosti (From the Croat medical history). Zagreb, 1954.

92. L. I. Dublin. Op. cit.; S. Pellez. Studies on mortality since the Renaissance. - Bull. Hist. Med., 21, 50-101, 1947; R. H. Shryock. The development of Modern Medicine. N. Y., 1947.

93. L. I. Dublin. Op. cit.; S. Pellez. Op. cit.; H. F. Dorn. The increase in average length of life. Publie Health Rept. Wash., 52, 1753-77, 1937; A. Kreutzer. Ueber die Entwicklung der mittleren Lebensdauer von 1875-1950. Med. Monatsschr., 9, 361-4, 1955.

94. Cf. L. I. Dublin. The span of life has not increased. Current History, 34, 355-360, 1931.

95. Plinius. Natur. History, vol. VII, 155.

96. J. Easton. Human longevity; recording the name, age, place of residence and year of the decease of 1712 persons who attained a century and upwards, from A. D. 66-1799. Salisbury, 1799.

97. A. Lindheim. Saluti senectutis. Wien, 1909, Cf. also M. A. Legrand. La longevite a travers les ages. Paris, 1911, and T. E. Young. On centenarians. London, 1905.

98. Cf. A. Lindheim. Op. cit.; W. F. Gray. A group of famous centenarians. London, 1931.

99. Ch. W. Hufeland. Die Kunst das menschliche Leben zu verlangern, Berlin, 1796.

100. W. Harvey. Anatomia Thomae Parr. 1635. Опубликовано как приложение к книге J. Betts. De natura et ortu sanguinis. London, 1669; W. Harvey. The anatomical examination of the body of Thomas Parr. Transl. by R. Willis. London, 1847. Cf. Ch. W. Hufeland. Op. cit.; R. Pearl. Harvey's postmortem examination of Thomas Parr. - Human Biol. 3, 138-42, 1931; F. D. Zeman. Thomas Parr, the old, very old man. J. Gerontol, 4, 160-1, 1949; W. J. Ford. Old Parr. - Bull. Hist. Med., 24, 219-226, 1950.

101. Cf. L. I. Dublin, A. J. Lotka, A. M. Spiegelman. Length of life. N. Y., 1949.

102. J. Keill. An anatomical account of old Bayles, supposed to have been 130 years old. - Philos. Trans., 5, 344-348, 1731; J. B. F i s с h e r. De senio etc. Erfurt, 1854.

103. I. Schukru-Aksel. Ueber das Gehirn des "altesten Mannes der Welt" (Zaro Aga). - Arch. Psychiatr. und Nervenkrankh., 106, 260-266, 1937.

104. По вопросу о пределах продолжительности жизни, помимо указанных сочинений, см.: P. Flourens. De la longevite humaine et de la quantite de vie sur le globe. Paris, 1855; E. R. Lankoster. On comparative longevity in man and the lower animals. London, 1870: A. Putter. Zur Physiologic tier Lebensdauer. - Naturwissenschaften, 8, 201-205, 1920; R. Pearl. Span of life and average duration of life. Natur. History. N. Y., 26, 26-30, 1926; R. Pearl. The rate of living. N. Y., 1928; R. Kafemann. Das Problem des langen Lebens von Gorgias bis Alexis Carrel. - Altersprobleme, 1, 33-44, 1937; W. M. Malisoff. The span of life. Philadelphia, 1937; W. M. Cobb. Human Longevity in fancy and fact. - J. Nat. Med. Assoc., 46, 107-112, 1954.

105. V. Korenchevsky. The longest span of life based on the records of centenarians in England and Wales. - Brit. Med. J., 193, 14-16, 1947.

106. D. Kotsovsky. Kann der Menscli liinger leben? - Med. Monatsschr., 9, 433-436, 1955.

107. Cf. L. I. Dublin. Op. cit., W. M. Cobb. Op. cit.

108. А. В. Нагорный. СССР - страна долголетия. Наука и жизнь, № 10, 27-28, 1951 и В. Н. Никитин. Долголетие. Наука и жизнь, № 8, 27-28, 1954.

109. R. Pearl. The ancestry of longlived. Baltimore, 1934.

110. Cf. A. H. Vogt. Die senile Determination des Keimplasmas, beobachtet an eineiigen Zwillingen des 55-81 Jahres. - Schweiz, med. Wochenschr., 65, 576-579, 1935.

111. E. Jalavisto. Inheritance of longevity according to Finnish and Swedisch genealogies.-Ann. Med. Ind. Fenn, 40, 263, 1951.

112. Cf. A. L. Vi seller. Menschen mit braunen Augen werden nicht alt? Munch, med. Wochenschr., 84, 381, 1937; S. Sefic. Boja oka i dulijna zivota (Цвет глаз и долголетие). - Lij. Vjes, 71, 97-102, 1949.

113. I. Chin Yuan. The influence of heredity upon the duration of life in man, based on a Chinese genealogy from 1365 to 1914. Human. Biol. 4, 41-68, 1932.

114. Lukianos, Longaevi, vol. X, 215.

115. Plinius. Natur. History, vol. XIV, 60.

116. Памятник находится сейчас в Археологическом музее в Загребе.

117. Ph. de Diversis. Descriptio Ragusina, 1440; S. Razzi. La storia di Raugia, Lucca, 1595.

118. Evliya Tchelebi. Putopis (Travelbook), vol. I, Sarajevo, 1954.

119. J. W. Velvasor. Die Ehre des Ilerzogthums Crain, vol. III. Laybach, 1689.

120. Согласно официальным данным о результатах переписи в Югославии в 1921, 1931, 1948 и 1953 годах.

121. J. W. Goethe. Faust. I, v. 2337-2604. Cf. Pazold. Goethe und das Problem der Verjiingung. - Dtsch. med. Wochenschr., 58 1099 1100 1932.

122. E. Smith. Papyrus. 21, 9-22. Cf. J. H. Breasted. The Edwin Smith surgical Papyrus. Chicago, 1930. Loret сделал замечание о рецепте омоложения в: Melanges Maspero, Mem. Inst, franc, archeol. orient., 66, 853-877, 1934.

123. О легендарном лечении чародейки Медеи см., например., D. Hovorka u. A. Kronfield. Vergleichende Volksmedizin, Stuttgart, 1908, Bd. I, 432. Овидий упоминает его в своих "Метаморфозах". Особо интересные сведения на эту тему находятся в рукописи "Splendor Solis" (Британский музей), помеченной 1582 г. и приписываемой Salomon Trismosin. Cf. G. Goldschmidt. Das Jungkochen in der griechischen Alchemie. Ciba-Zeitschrift, 5, 1985-1988, 57, 1938, and S. R. Burstein. The quest for rejuvenation. - Geriatrics, 10, 536-540, 1955.

124. Cf. Pausanias, II, 38, 2; H. Ethe, Alexanders Zug zur Lebensquelle im Lande des Finsterniss. Miinchen 1871; F. A. Ober. Ponce de Leon. N. Y., 1908; L. Masson. La fontaine de jouvence. - Aesculape, 1937, 233-251 and 1938, 16-23; S. R. Burstein. Op. cit.; C. Talbot. The fountain of life. - Bull. Hist. Med., 31, 1-16, 1957.

125. Cf. P. Diepgen. Elixir, das kostlichste der Arzneien. Ingelheiin, 1951.

126. R. Bacon. Opus maius, vol. VI. Cf. M. Neuburger. Geschichte der Medizin. Bd. II. Stuttgart, 1911.

127. R. Bacon. De retardatione accidentium senectutis et senii, in: A. G. Little, A. E. Withington. Opera hactenus inedita Rogeri Baconi, vol. IX. Oxford, 1928.

128. Arnaldus de Villanova. De conservanda juventute et retardanda senectute. Lipsiae, 1511.

129. Theophrastus Paracelsus. Bucher der Archidoxa, in: K. Sudhoff. Paracelsus samtliche Werke, Bd. III. Munchen, 1922.

130. P1inius. Natur. history, vol. XXXII, 25.

131. C. Leemans. Papyri Graeci musei antiquarii publici Lugduni Batavorum. Leyden, 1885; О. V. Lippmann. Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Alchemie, Bd. I. Berlin, 1919.

132. G. Bralli. Discorso della vecchia et nuova medicina, nel quale, si ragiona delle cose ritrovate a nostri secoli, et particolarmento dell'oro artificiale. Venice, 1542; Cf. M. D. Grmek. Iz provijesti alkemije u Istri (From the history of alchemy in Istria). - Medicinar, 4, 136-138, 1950.

133. J. H. Cohausen. Tentaminum physico-medicorum curiosa de vita humana theoreticae et practicae per pharmaciam prolunganda decas. Coesfeld, 1699.

134. I. Kings, I. Cf. W. Ebstein. Die Medizin in Alten Testament. Stuttgart, 1901; J. McKenzie. History of health. Edinburg, 1758; C. 3. Brim. Medicine in the Bible. N. Y., 1936.

135. J. H. Cohausen. Hermippus redivivus, sive exercitatio physico-medica curiosa de methodo raro ad CXV annos propagandae senectutis per anhelitum puellarum, ex veteri monumento Romano deprompta, nunc artis medicinae fundamenta stabilita, et rationibus atque exemplis, necnon singulari chymiae philosophi- cae paradoxo illustrata et confirmata. Frankfurt a. М., 1742. Нем. перевод изд. в 1753.

136. Cf. J. Steudel. Zur Geschichte der Lehre von den Greisenkrankheiten. - Sudhoffs Arch. Gesch. Med., 35, 8-9, 1942 (анонимная краткая заметка) в Cuba-Zeitschrift, 3, 1214-5, 1936.

137. Th. Sydenham. Observationes medicae. Geneva, 1749, 1, 4. Cf. Steudel. Op. cit.

138. Ch. W. Hufeland. Die Kunst das menschliche Leben zu verlangern. Berlin, 1796.

139. Cf. J. G. Franzer. The magic art. London, 1926.

140. Cf. G. A. Lindeboom. The story of a blood transfusion to a Pope. - J. Hist. Med, 9, 455-9, 1954.

141. N. Ficino. De triplici vita libri tres. Venice, 1498. Cf. M. W. Threwlis. Op. cit.

142. Cf. N. S. R. Maluf. History of blood transfusion. - J. Hist. Med, 9, 59-107, 1954; L. M. Zimmermann а. К. M. Houwell. History of blood transfusion. - Ann. Med. Hist, 4, 415-33, 1932.

143. Cf. F. Gundrum. О produljenju zivota (О продлении жизни). Zagreb, 1907.

144. E. g. O. G. Wilhelm. Regeneration de vieux animaux par transfusion de sang jeuno. - Compt. rend. Soc. biol, 99, 1199-1201, 1928.

145. M. Ficino. Op. cit. Cf. B. Meyer. Kuriosum. Frauenmilch als Verjilngungsmittel. - Z. Fleischund Milchhyg, 38, 266-7, 1928; M. W. Thewlis. Op. cit.

146. M. Neuburger. Geschichte der Medizin. Stuttgart, 1906, p. 105.

147. Ch. F. Brown-Sequard. Des effets produits chez l'Homme ar des injections souscutanees d'un liquide retire des testicules rais de cobayes et de chiens. - Compt. rend. Soc. biol, 41, 415-422, 1889. Cf. N. Dunbar (Ed.). The "elixir of life", Boston, 1889; R. J. Mahor, Ch. E. Brown-Sequard. Essays in biology in honour of H. M. Evans. Univ. of California Press, 1943, 371-377; J. M. Olmsted. Ch. E. Brown-Sequard, a nineteenth century neurologist and endocrinologist. Baltimore, 1946.

148. E. Steinach. Verjiingung durch experimentelle Neubelebung der alternden Pubertatsdriise. Berlin, 1920; Sex and life, forty years of biological and medical experiments. N. Y, 1940. Cf. G. F. Corners. Rejuvenation. How Steinach makes people young. N. Y, 1923; N. Ha ire. Rejuvenation. The work of Steinach, Voronoff and others. N. Y, 1925; H. Benjamin. Eugen Steinach 1861-1944, a life research. - Sci. Monthly, N. Y, 61, 427-442, 1945.

149. H. Benjamin. The Steinach method as applied to women. N. Y. Med. J, 114, 687-692, 1923; Steinach therapy against old age, review of 10 years experience. - Amer. Med, 38, 467-472, 1932.

150. С. А. Воронов. О продлении жизни. М, 1933. Etude sur la vieillesse et le rajeunissement par la greffe. Paris, 1925; Rejuvenation by grafting. London, 1925; The conquest of life N. Y, 1928; Testicular grafting from ape to man. London, 1929; Los sources de la vie. Paris, 1933. Cf. N. Haire. Op. cit.

151. R. Simon. Une nouvelle metliode de rajeunissement. - Strassb. med., 88, 316-6, 1928; A. Alhaique. II ringiovanimento dell' - organismo col metodo di Doppler. - Rinasc. med., 8, 25-27, 1931.

152. N. G. Lebedinsky. Bekampfung der Alterserscheinungen durch Teilweises Zerreiben und Zerdriicken des Hodengewebes (Versuche an Ilunden), Biol. Zbl., 50, 392-422, 1930; Wiederauffrishung des alternden Organismus durch teilweises Zerreisen des Hodengewebes. - Schweiz, med. Wochenschr., 65, 137, 1935.

153. G. Zucchi. La diatermia delle ghiandole genitali in sostituzione degli innesti di Voronoff e dell'operazione del Doppler. - Policlinico, 35, 1107-1108, 1928.

154. О различных способах профилактики старения см.: Н. Glaser. Der Kampf gegen das Altern. Wien, 1952; Prophylaxe des Alters. - Wien. med. Wochenschr., 106, 373-376, 1956.

155. См. примечание 21. Вклад Мечникова в изучение омоложения и в борьбу с преждевременным старением описан Нагорным А. В. (Врач, дело, 25, 229-36, 1945) и А. Я. Шварцманом (Клин, медицина, 32, 84-87, 1954).

156. Cf. S. Metalnikoff. Immortalite et rajeunissement dans la biologic moderne. Paris, 1924.

157. Cf. A. Lorand. Verjungung durch Anregung der Blutbildung. Leipzig, 1930; D. Kotsovsky. Stoffe zur integralen Reaktivierung alter Tiere und des Menschen. - Monatsber., 2, 54-62, 1936; A. Lor and. Problem of rejuvenation. - Lancet, 1, 189-190, 1931; С. I. Parhon. Biologia virslelor, Cercetari clinicae si experimentale. Bucarest, 1955.

158. P. Niehans. La senescence et le rajeunissement. Paris, 1937. Cf. K. J. Fi seller. Niehans, Arzt des Papstes. Miinchen, 1956.

159. C. I. Parhon et A. Aslan. Novocaina, factor eutrofic si intineritor in tratamentul profilactic si curativ al batrinetti. Bucarest, 1955.

160. Наиболее важные работы по историческому развитию гериатрии, опубликованные до сих пор, приводим ниже: I. L. Nascher. A history of geriatrics. - Med. Rev. of Revs., 32, 281-284. 1926; J. I. Freeman. The history of geriatrics. - Ann. Med. Hist., 10, 324-335. 1938; J. S ten del. Zur Geschichte der Lehre von den Greisenkrankheiten. - Sudhoffs Arch. Gesch. Med., 35, 1-27, 1942; J. Stendel. Der Marasmus senilis und die Geschichte der Alterskrankheiten. - Med. Welt, 16, 932 and 957, 1942; F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. Studies in the medical history of old age. J. Mt. Sinai Hosp., 8, 1161-1165, 1942; 11, 45-52, 97-104, 224-231, 300-307, 339-344, 1944; 12, 783-791, 833-846, 890-901, 939-953, 1945; 13, 241-256, 1947; 16, 308- 322, 1950; 17, 53-158, 1950; M. Neuburger. Zur Geschichte der Hygiene und der prophylaktischen Medizin des Greisenalters. Wien. klin. Wochenschr., 63, 797-801, 1951; T. H. Howell. Our advancing years. London, 1953; M. W. Thewlis. The care of the aged. London, 1954; A. Ruiz Moreno. Notes para la historia de las enfermedades de la vejez. - Human Studia, ser. II, 6, 105-122, 1954. Критический обзор основных работ по истории геронтологии и гериатрии составлен Груманом (G. Gruman. An introduction to the literature on the history of gerontology. - Bull. Hist. Med., 31, 78-83, 1957).

161. О гериатрии см.: Corpus Hippocraticum. Cf. L. Auchier. Des maladies de la vieillesse d'apres Hippocrate. Paris, 1804; J. Steudel. Op. cit.; A. Ruiz Moreno, Op. cit. and F. D. Zeman, Op. cit.

162. Цитаты из сочинений Гиппократа переведены на основе греческого и французского издания. E. Lettre. Oeuvres completes d'Hippocrate. Paris, 1861, латинского перевода Janus Cornarius, Hippocratis Coi opera omnia. Venice, 1739.

163. Hippocratus. Aphorisms, vol. I, 13, 14; vol. II, 39, 54; vol. Ill, 31.

164. Hippocrates. Praenotiones Coactae 502; Aphorisms, vol. II, 39; vol. III, 24-31; vol. VI, 6; Epidemiormn liber, vol. VI, 8; vol. II; De morbis, vol. I, 2,22; Praedictiones, vol. II, 1.

165. Hippocrates. De Diaeta, vol. I, 32; Aphorisms, vol. Ill, 18,

166. Hippocrates. Aphorisms, vol. II, 49, 54; vol. Ill, 18; De diaeta, vol. I, 33.

167. Cf. Ch. O. Gumper t. Asclepiades Bithyni fragmenta. Weimar, 1794; R. M. Green. Asclepiades, his life and writing. New Ha ven, 1955. Американский историк медицины P. Меджер (R. H. Major) считает, что Асклепиад является отцом гериатрии (History of Medicine. Springfield, 1954, 165).

168. A. C. Celsus. De re medica, vol. II, Praef., 6.

169. A. C. Celsus. De re medica, vol. II, Praef., 4; vol. III, 2, 12, and 9.

170. Aretaios. De causis et signis acutorum et diuturnorum morborum, Paris, 1554. О вкладе в гериатрию, сделанном Аретайем см.: T. H. Howell. Our advancing years. London, 1953 and E. F. Cordell. Aretaeus the Cappadocian. - Johns Hopkins, Hosp. Bull., 371, 1909.

171. Galen. De sanitate tuenda, vol. V. 4; De marcore, 5. Cf. R. M. Green. Пер. "Гигиены" Галена. Springfield, 1951. Сведения о вкладе в гериатрию, сделанном Галеном, хорошо освещены Студелем (J. Steudel), цит. соч.

172. Kalet. De temperamentis, vol. II, 2; De sanitate tuenda, vol. V, 9; De marcore, 3.

173. Galen. De sanitate tuenda, vol. V, 4; vol. VI, 2.

174. Galen. Op. cit., vol. V, 11; vol. VI, 6.

175. Galen. Comm. sept, in Aph. Hipp., vol. TT, 40; vol. III, 12; vol. Ill, 31; De san. tuenda, vol. V, 6; De temp., vol. II, 2; De marcore, 1; De dissect, vulvae, 8; In progn. Hipp. comm., vol. I; De praesag. ex puls., vol. II, 4.

176. Galen. De san. tuenda, vol. V, 3, 4, 7 and 10; De marcore, 9; De alim. facult., vol. Ill, 29; Comm. sept, in Aph. Hipp., vol. 1, 13; De med. metli., vol. I, 15; In 11ipp. de victu acut. comm., vol. IV, 19.

177. Galen. De san. tuenda, vol. V, 4.

178. Oribasios. Euporiston, vol. I, 11; Synopsis, vol. V, 18. Cf. Bussemaker - Daremberg, Oeuvres d'Oribase. Paris, 1851-1876, III, 166 etc.

179. Aetios of Amida. Tetrabiblos, IV.

180. Paulus Aegineta. De re medica, I, 23.

181. Alexander de Trallianus. De re medica, XII, 5.

182. Rhozes. Liber Almansoris. Basel, 1544. Ali Abbas. Re- galis dispositio. Lyon, 1523, I, 23.

183. Avicenna. Canon medicinae. Venice, 1595, lib. I, fen 3, doctr. 3: Sermo universalis in regendo senes. Avicenna. Cantica. Venice, 1595, II, 99-105; Regimen senum. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. The medicine of Islam. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp, 11, 399-404, 1945.

184. Isaac Judaeus. De particularibus dietis libellus. Padova, 1487, fol. 51 v et 56 r. Maimonides. De regimine sanitatis ad Soldanum Saladinum. Augsburg, 1518; Maimonides. Uber die Lebensdauer. Пер. G. Weil. Basel, 1953.

185. Cf. W. Ebstein. Die Medizin im Alten Testament. StuttgaTt, 1901; W. Ebstein. Die Medizin im Neuen Testament und im Talmud. Stuttgart, 1903; J. J. Griffin. Bible and old age. - J. Gerontol, 1, 464-471, 1946 and 2, 71, 1947.

186. Cf. J. Ordronaux. The code of Health of the School of Salernum. Philadelphia, 1870; Ch. Meaux Saint-Marc. L'Ecole de Salerne. Paris, 1880.

187. R. Bacon. De retardandis senectutis accidentibus, et de sen- sibus conservandis, in: Opera hactenus inedita R. Baconi, ed. by A. G. Little and E. Withington, vol. IX. Oxford, 1928; R. Bacon. The cure of old age and preservation of youth, nep. R. Browne. London, 1683. Cf. E. Withington. Rogen Bacon and Medicine, Bacon Essays. Oxford, 1914; J. Steudel. Op. cit.; Anon. R. Bacon and his cure for old age.- Ann. Roy. Coll. Surg. Engl, 18, 286-287, 1956.

188. Arnaldus de Villa nova. De conservanda juventute et retardanda senectute. Leipzig, 1511; The conservation of youth and defence of age. Woodstock, 1912.

189. Cf. E. Forster. Roger Bacons De retardandis senectutis accidentibus und Arnald von Villanova De conservanda juventute et retardanda senectute. Leipzig, 1924.

190. M. Ficino. De triplici vita Tibri tres. Venice, 1498.

191. Ms. Bibl. Nat. lat. 11015. Cf. E. Wickersheimer. Dictionnare biographique des medecins en France au Moyen-Age. Paris, 1936, vol. I, 216.

192. S. Albicus. Vetularius. Leipzig, 1484. Cf. M. Neuburger, Geschichte der Medizin. Stuttgart, 1911, 11, 504.

193. Cf. O. Schrutz. Albikova zivotosprava pro cisare Zikmunda. - Casop. lekafu. ceskych, 58, 86, 117 and 145, 1909.

194. G. Zerbi. Gerentocomia, scilicet de senium cura atque victu, Roma, ex officina E. Silveri, 1489. Cf. F. D. Zeman. The Gerontocomia of Gabriele Zerbi. A fifteenth century manual of hygiene for the aged. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp, 10, 710-716, 1944; L. Munster. Studi e ricerche su Gabriele Zerbi. - Riv. stor. sci, med, 41, 1, 1950; L. Munster, Il primo trattato pratico compiuto sui problemi della vecchiaia: La "Gerentocomia" di Gabriele Zerbi. - Riv. Ital. di geront. ol. e geriatr, 1, 1, 1951. L. Glesinger. Lije6nici i cudotvorci (Врачи и волшебники). Zagreb, 1955.

195. Рисунки и заметки Леонардо о старости находят в его соч. Dell'Anatomia, Fogli B, f. lor, 11 v and 22 v; A. Fogli, 3 r; Codex Atlanticus, 71 r, 76 r, 252 r; Treatise on Painting, chap. 168. - Cf. E. Belt. Leonardo da Vinci's studies on the aging process. - Geriatrics, 7, 205-211, 1952; Ch. O'Malley a. C. M. Saunders. Leonardo da Vinci on the human body. N. Y., 1952; M. Galeazzi. Spunti di gerontologia in Leonardo da Vinci. - Ann. med. nav., 58, 378-386, 1953.

196. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. The revival of learning. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp., 12, 833-46, 1945; J. Steudel. Op. cit.

197. H. Brisianus. Geraeologia. Trident, 1583.

198. J. B. Montanus. Consultationes de variorum morborum curationibus. Basel, 1557. Amatus Lusitanus. Curationum medicinalium centuriae septem. Venice, 1566.

199. D. de Pomis. Enarratio brevis do senum affectibus praecavendis atque curandis. Venice, 1588. Cf. L. Munster. "Enarratio brevis de senum affectibus" de David de Pomis, le plus grand medecin israelite en Italie au XVI siecle. Rev. Hist. Med. Hebr., 1954, 125-36.

200. G. Palaeotus. De bono senectutis. Roma, 1595. Cf. K. Stern a. T. Cassirer. A gerontological treatise of the Renaissance: "De bono senectutis" by Gabriele Paleotti. - Amer. J. Psychiatr., 102, 770-773, 1946.

201. A. du Laurens. Discours de la conservation de la vie, des maladies melancholiques, das catarrhes, et de la vieillesse. Paris, 1597. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Op. cit.

202. L. Cornaro. Trattato de la vita sobria. Padova, 1558; Sure and certain methods of attaining a long and healthy life, with means of correcting a bad constitution. London, 1704; Philadelphia, 1793; Cf. W. B. Walker, L. Cornaro. A Renaissance writer on personal hygiene. - Bull. Hist. Med., 28, 525-534, 1954; S. Marcovitch. An early record of vitamin С deficiency. - Bull. Hist. Med., 14, 395-397, 1943; H. E. Sigerist. Landmarks in the history of hygiene. London, 1956.

203. S. Santorio. De medicina statica. Venice, 1614; Medicina statica, or rules of health. London, 1676. Cf. Steudel. Op. cit, 13-15; M. D. Grmek, Santorio Santorio. Zagreb, 1952.

204. W. E. Vest. William Shakespeare gerontologist. - Geriatrics, 9, 80-82, 1954.

205. A. Anselmus. Gerocomia, sive de senum regimine libri tres. Venice, 1606; F. Bacon. Historia vitae et mortis. London, 1623; F. Ranchin. Opuscula medica (содержащая трактат: Gerokomike, de senum conservatione et senilum morborum curatione). Lyon, 1627; M. Sebizius. Dissertatio de senectutis et senum statu ac conditione. Strassburg, 1641; J. Michaelis. De senum affectibus, 1660 (in Opera medica omnia. Niirnberg, 1688); H. Meibom. Epistola de longaevis. Helmstadt, 1664; V. Alberti. Dissertation de senectute. Leipzig, 1667.

206. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. The seventeenth century. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp., 12, 890-901, 1946; L. C. Strong. Observations on gerontology in the seventeenth century. - J. Gerontol., 7, 618-619, 1952; J. T. Freeman. Francois Ranchin, contributor of an early chapter in geriatrics. - J. Hist. Med., 5, 422-431, 1950.

207. Ch. Warlitz. Valetudinarium senum. Leipzig, 1708; Altmann, Dissertatio de senio eruditorum. Leipzig, 1711; Glagau. Dissertatio de senectute ipsa morbo. Leyden, 1715.

208. R. Weis ted. De aetate vergente liber. London, 1724; G. Cheyne. An essay of health and long life. London, 1724; J. Hill. The old man's guide to health and long life. London, 1761; J. Forthergill. Rules for the preservation of health. London, 1762.

209. J. Floyer. Medicina gerocomicas or the Galenic art of preserving oldamen's healths. London, 1724. Cf. J. A. Gunn. Sir John Floyer. - Med. Press and Circ., 189, 297, 1934; F. D. Zeman. Life's later years. - J. Mt., Sinai Hosp., 12, 939-941, 1945.

210. G. van Swieten. Oratio de senum valetudine tuenda. Wien, 1778. Cf. H. Glaser. Van Swietens Rat an die Alton. Neuburgers Festschrift. Wien, 1948, 190-192.

211. A. Littre, Mem. Acad. roy. sci. Paris, 1706, 25; J. Keill. Philos. Trans. 25, 306, 1706; W. Cheselden. The anatomy of tho human body. London, 1713; J. J. Scheuchzer. Philos. Trans., 42, 313, 1723.

212. J. B. Fischer. De senio ejusque gradibus et morbis necnon de ejusrem acquisitione tractatus. Erfurt, 1754. Cf. J. Steudel. Op. cit.; F. D. Zeman. Op. cit.

213. J. B. Morgagni. De sedibus et causis morborum per anatomen indagatis. Venice, 1761. Cf. P. As true. Essai sur Jean-Baptistc Morgagni. Paris, 1950; G. Spina. Op. cit.

214. Гериатрические наблюдения Морганьи заслуживают подробного изучения. Cf. Morgagni. Op. cit., Epist. vol. II, art. ]7 vol. Ill, II, IV, VI, 12; VII, 9 and 10; XI, 6; XIT, 2; XV, 15; XVI, 8 and 12; XVIII, 14; XVIII, 28; XIX, 58; XX, 5, 33, 39 and 63; XXI, 4, 15, 17 and 19; XXIII, 6 and II; XXVI, 31; XXVTT, 28; XXXTV, 25; XXXVII, 30; XXXVTTT, 12 and 13; XLI, 6; XLIV, 15; XLVII, 24; LX, 6; LXII, 7; LXIV, 8; LXVTT, 9 and II; LXTX, 10.

215. J. B. Morgani. Op. cit., IX, 7; M. Gerbuzius. Pulsus mira inconstantia. - Misc. curiosa Ephom. Acad. Nat. Cur., 10, 115-11.8. 1692.

216. B. Rush. An account of the state of body and mind in old age with observations on its diseases and their remedies, In: Medical inquiries and observations, vol. II. Philadelphia, 1805. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Op. cit. О первых гериатрических работах в Америке см.: W. D. Postell. Some American contribution to the literature of geriatrics. - Geriatrics, 1, 41-5, 1946.

217. Ch. W. Huf eland. Die Kunst das menschliche Leben zu ver langern. Berlin, 1796 (в последних изд. под названием: Makrobiotik); The art of prolonging human life. London, 1829. Cf. Ch. W. Huf eland. Selbstbiographie, Ed. W. von Brunn. Stuttgart. 1937; M. Burger. Op. cit.

218. B. W. Seiler. Anatomiae corporis humani senilis specimen. Erlangen, 1799; De morbis senum. Wittenberg, 1806.

219. C. F. Canstatt. Die Krankheiten des hoheren Alters und ilire Heilung, vol. I-II. Erlangen, 1839. Cf. J. Steudel. Op. cit.

220. Cf. G. Guillainet Mathieu. La Salpetriere. Paris, 1925. Большую роль больницы Сальпетриер в развитии гериатрии во Франции показывает F. F. Zeman. Life's later years. Tte nineteenth century. - J. Mt. Sinai Hosp., 13, 241-256, 1947; 16. 308-322, 1950; and 17, 53-68, 1950. В упомянутых здесь статьях содержится очень хорошее описание развития англо-американской гериатрической литературы в XIX в.

221. J. E. D. Esquirol, J. B. A. Chevallier, K. Villermo ct A. J. B. Parent Duchatelet. Note relative a quelques conditions que doivent presenter les hopitaux destines a des individus ages de plus de 60 ans, et infirmes. - Ann. Hyg. Publ, 9, 296-307, 1833.

222. Книги о гигиене для людей пожилого возраста, изд. в Париже: J. A. Millot (1807), J. Tenon (1813), J. Salgues (1817) and S. Guyetant (1836).

223. L. Eostan. Memoire sur cette question: l'asthme des vieillards estil une affection nervcuse? Paris, 1817; Recherches sur une maladie encore pen connuc, qui a regu le nom de ramollissement du cerveau. Paris, 1820.

224. J. Cruveilhier. Anatomie pathologique du corps humain, vol. I-II. Paris, 1829-1842.

225. C. R. Prus. Recherches sur les maladies de la vieillesse. - Mem. Acad. roy. med., 8, 1-27, 1840.

226. J. H. Reveille-Pariso. Traite de la vieillesse hygienique, medicale et philosophique. Paris, 1853.

227. M. Durand-Fardel. Traite clinique et pratique des maladies des vieillards. Paris, 1854.

228. R. Virchow. Die Cellularpathologie in ihrer Begriindung auf pliysiologische und pathologische Gewebelehre. Berlin, 1858.

229. L. Geist. Klinik der Greisenkrankheiten, Bd. 1-2. Erlangen, 1857-1860.

230. C. Mettenheimer. Nosologische und anatomische Beitrage zu der Lehre von den Greisenkrankheiten. Leipzig, 1863; Sectiones longaevorum. Frankfurt a. M, 1868. Cf. H. Mettenheimer. Carl von Mettenheimer. Berlin, 1940.

231. J. M. Charcot. Logons sur les maladies des vieillards et les maladies chroniques. Paris, 1867; Clinical lectures on senile and chronic diseases. Перев. W. S. Tuke. London, 1881. Cf. G. Guillain. J. M. Charcot, sa vie, son oeuvre. Paris, 1955, and A. Ruiz Moreno. Op. cit, 117-119.

232. J. Sinclair. The code of health and longevity. Edinburgh. 1804. Cf. R. Burstein. The "cure" of old age: codes of health. - Geriatrics, 10, 328-32, 1955; F. D. Zeman. Op. cit.

233. A. Carlisle. Essay on the disorders of old age. Philadelphia, 1819.

234. G. E. Day. A practical treatise on the domestic management and most important diseases of advanced life, with an appendix upon the treatment of lumbago, sciatica, and paralysis. London and Philadelphia, 1849.

235. A. Burns. Observations on some of the most frequent and important diseases of the heart. Edinburgh, 1809; T. L. Brunton. On the use of nitrite of amyl in angina pectoris. - Lancet, 1, 97-98, 1867; W. Murrell. Nitroglycerine as a remedy for angina pectoris. - Lancet, 1, 80-81, 1879.

236. D. Maclachlan. A practical treatise on the diseases and infirmities of advanced life. London, 1863; J. M. Fothergill. The diseases of sedentary and advanced life, N.-Y, 1885.

237. Sf. F. D. Zeman. Op. cit.; W. D. Postell. Op. cit.

238. E. Demange. Etude clinique et anatomo-patholoque de la vieillesse. Paris, 1886; J. Boy-Teissier. Legons sur les maladies des vieillards. Paris, 1895.

239. A. Seidel. Die Pathogenese, Komplikationen und Therapie der Greisenkrakheiten. Berlin, 1889; Diseases of old age. N. Y., 1890.

240. Хорошее описание развития учения о болезнях пожилого возраста во второй половине XIX в. дает Земан (F. D. Zeman); см. цит. соч. Важные материалы можно найти в общих обзорах по истории медицины, написанных F. H. Garrison, A. Castiglioni, P. Diepgcn and R. H. Major.

241. J. G. Lobstein. Traite d'anatomie pathologique, II. Paris, 1833, 553-600.

242. Cf. M. A. Ruffe r. On arterial lesions found in Egyptian mummies (1580 B. C. - A. D. 525). - J. Pathol. Bacteriol., 15, 453-62, 1911; L. Buchheim. Die Arteriosklerose der alten Aegypter. Therap. Ber., 28, 79-83, 1956.

243. Cf. G. Elliot Smith. The unwrapping of Pharaon. - Brit. Med. J., 1, 342-343, 1908; S. G. Shattock. Microscopic sections of the aorta of king Merneptah. - Lancet, 1, 319, 1909.

244. Cf. F. Henschen. Geographic and historical pathology of arteriosclerosis - J. Gerontol., 8, 1-5, 1953.

245. S. von Basch. Ueber die Messung des Blutdruckes am Menschen. - Z. klin. Med., 2, 79-96, 1881; Ein Metall-Sphygmomano meter. Wien. med. Wochenschr., 33, 673-675, 1883.

246. H. Huchard. L'arteriosclerose subaigue dans ses rapports avec les spasmes vasoulaires et son traitement par la trinitrine. - Gaz. Hop. (Paris), 60, 1034-5, 1887.

247. O. Josue. Atherome aortique experimental par in jections repetees d'adrenaline dans les veines. - Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 55, 1374-1376, 1903.

248. O. Klotz. Arteriosclerosis. Lancaster, 1911.

249. N. Anitchkow u. S. S. Chalatow. Ueber experimentelle Cholesterinsteatose und ihre Bedeutung fur die Entstehung einiger pathologischen Prozesse. - Zbl. allg. Pathol., 24, 1-9, 1913.

250. Cicero. Cato maior sive de senectute. Оригинальный текст изд., например, Loeb Classical Library. N. Y., 1930. Английский перевод Cicero's Cato, or an essay on old age. London, 1773. Cf. A. R. Chandier. Cicero's ideal old man. - J. Gerontol., 3, 285-289; N. Crisafulli. II de senectute di Marco Tellio Cice rone, Longevita, 1, 19-22, 4, 1952; L. Carp. Cicero speaks on old age. - Geriatrics, 10, 43-5. 1955.

251. Cf. M. Neuburger. Die Schilderung der Alterserscheinungen in der romischen Literatur. Eesti Arst, N 1 and 3, 11-14 and 70-73, 1925.

252. W. Osier. The fixed period, aequanimitas and other addresses. London, 1906. Cf. W. White. Reechoes of Sir William Osier's "The fixed period". - Bull. Hist. Med., 5, 937-940, 1937; F. D. Zeman. Beard's "legal responsibility on old age" and its possible relationship to Sir William Osier's "fixed period" address. - N. Y. St. T. Med., 54, 1527-1529. 1954.

253. Cf. W. G. Sumner. Folkways. N. Y., 1906; J. Koty. Die Behandlung der Alten und Kranken bei den Naturvolkern. Stuttgart, 1934; L. W. Simmons. The role of the aged in primitive society. New Haven, 1945; L. W. Simmons. Attitudes toward aging and the aged: primitive societies. - J. Gerontol., 1, 72-95, 1946; H. E. Sigerist. History of medicine, vol. I. N. Y., 1951; E. Lips. Alter und die Behandiung der Alten bei den Naturvolkern. - Z. Allersforscli., 7, 1-18, 1953.

254. Cf. B. E. Richardson. Old age among the ancient Greeks. Baltimore, 1933; L. W. Simmon s. Old age security in other societies. - Geriatrics, 3, 237-244, 1948; A. R. Chandler. The traditional Chinese attitude towards old age. - J. Gerontol., 4, 239-244, 1949.

255. Cf. A. Braun. Krankheit und Tod im Schicksal bedeutender Menschen. Stuttgart, 1934; P. Herr e. Schopherisches Alter. Leipzig, 1939; L. Vitale. Vecchiaia e logevita. - Rass. Clin. Ter., 49, 53-70, 1950.

256. Cf. R. Sand. Vers la medecine sociale. Paris - Liege, 1948.

257. Cf. M. A. de Ford. Psychologist unretired, the life pattern of Lillian J. Martin. Stanford, 1948; T. H. Howell. Our advancing years. London, 1953.

258. Например, W. S. Thompson. Population problems. N. Y. - London, 1953.

259. История, современное состояние и будущее гериатрии и геронтологии описаны в следующих сочинениях: M. Burger. Weg und Ziol der Altersforschung. - Med. Welt, 8, 1284-1291; E. J. Stieglitz. Gerontology comes of age. Sci. Monthly (N. Y.), 62, 80-2, 1946; S. Hirsch. Origines, principes et buts de la gerontologie contemporaine.- Brux. Med., 31, 179-186, 1951; N. W. Shock. Trends in gerontology, Palo Alto (Calif.), 1951; T. H. Howell. Op. cit.; M. W. Thewlis. The care of the aged. London, 1954; A. Comfort. The biology of the senescence. N. Y., 1956; W. Doberauer. Hinweise zur Entwicklungund Bedeutung der Geriatrie. - Klin. Med., 11, 429-46, 1956; W. Hobson. Modern trends in geriatrics. London, 1956.

260. J. Schwalbe. Lehrbuch der Greisenkrankheiten. Stuttgart, 1909.

261. A. Lindheim. Saluti senectutis. Wien - Leipzig, 1909; H. Schlesinger. Die Krankheiten des hoheren Lebensalters. Wien - Leipzig, 1914-1915; H. Schlesinger. Klinik und Therapie der Alterskrankheiten. Leipzig, 1930; A. Muller-Deham. Die inneren Erkrankungen im Alter. Wien, 1937; A. Muller-Deham a. S. M. Rabson. Internal medicine in old age. Baltimore, 1942.

262. M. Burger. Altern und Krankheit. 4 ed. Leipzig, 1960.

263. G. Rauzier. Traite des maladies des vieillards. Paris, 1901; A. Pic et S. Bonnamour. Precis de maladies de vieillards. Paris, 1912.

264. P. Bastaiet G. C. Dogliolli. Physiopathologie de la vieillesse. Paris, 1938.

265. L. Binet et F. Bourliere. Precis de gerontologie. Paris, 1955.

266. Сб. "Старость". Труды конференции по проблеме генеза старости и профилактике преждевременного старения организма. Киев, 1939; А. В. Нагорный. Цит. соч.; Е. Г. Тренкель. Удлинение жизни и деятельная старость. М., 1949; С. А. Томилин. Вклад русских ученых в изучение проблемы долголетия. - Врачебное дело, 1951, № 2, 176-180; А. А. Апанасенко. Борьба за продление жизни человека в СССР. Ставрополь, 1956; К. А. Розова. Вклад С. П. Боткина в разработку проблемы старости. - Клин, мед.., 35, 68-74, 1957.

267. Simpozion о gerontologiji, опубликованный Югославской Академией наук и искусств. Загреб, 1958.

268. I. L. Nascher. Geriatrics, the diseases of old age and their treatment, including physiological old age, home and institutional care and medicolegal relations. Philadelphia, 1914. Cf. M. W. Thewlis. Nascher - father of geriatrics. - Med. Times (N. Y.), 73, 140-141, 1945.

269. M. W. Thewlis. Geriatrics, St. Louis 1919; the care of the aged (Geriatrics). London, 1954.

270. Cf. E. J. Stieglitz (Ed.). Geriatric medicine, 3rd ed. Philadelphia, 1954; A. I. Lansing (Ed.). Cowdry's problem of ageing, 3d ed. Baltimore, 1952.

271. Cf. M. W. Tliewlis. History of American Geriatric Society. - J. Amer. Gcriatr. Soc, 1, 3, 1953.

272. Cf. T. H. Howell. Our advancing years. London, 1953.

273. A. Gueniot. Pour vivre cent ans, ou l'art de prolonger ses jours. Paris, 1931.

274. Cf. F. D. Zeman. Op. cit.

275. N. W. Shock. A classified bibliography of gerontology and geriatrics. Stanford, 1951, Suppl. I (1949-1955). Standford, 1957, Supp. II, 1963.

276. Cf. D. Kotsovsky. Ergebnisse der internationalen gerontologischen Kongresse. - Med. heute, 4, 381-383, 1955.

277. Democritus. Fr. 201. Cf. H. Diels. Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker, 5th ed. Berlin, 1935.